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Tuesday 31 March 2015

[amakurunamateka.com] SOS pour les réfugiés rwandais de Zambie

 


Communiqué de presse :

SOS pour les réfugiés rwandais de Zambie menacés d'expulsion

A l'issue d'une réunion tripartite entre les gouvernements zambien et rwandais et le Haut Commissariat des Nations-Unies pour les Réfugiés (HCR) tenue à Kigali les 24 et 25 mars 2015, le Vice-Ministre zambien de l'intérieur, le colonel Panji Kaunda, a déclaré que le gouvernement zambien pourrait se résoudre à expulser les réfugiés rwandais se trouvant sur son territoire s'ils n'obtiennent pas du gouvernement rwandais, des passeports qui leur permettraient de séjourner légalement sur le sol zambien.

Rappelons que le HCR, sous l'instigation du gouvernement rwandais et faisant fi des avis négatifs des organisations internationales des droits humains, a décidé de mettre en œuvre la clause de cessation du statut de réfugiés à partir du 30 juin 2013.

A l'époque de la décision, le Rwanda était et reste en pole position des pays prédateurs des libertés et des droits fondamentaux de l'être humain. Certains faits devraient suffire à convaincre toute âme de bonne volonté de s'abstenir d'expulser les réfugiés rwandais où qu'ils se trouvent dans le monde. Ils ont fui un monstre et personne ne peut aujourd'hui les forcer à rentrer alors que l'ogre est toujours là et qu'il est plus féroce que jamais.

En effet, si l'on met en évidence le triste palmarès ci-après du Président Paul Kagame et de son régime, nul ne devrait contester le statut de réfugiés aux ressortissants rwandais éparpillés à travers le monde, rescapés et victimes d'une politique d'exclusion et de chasse à l'homme :

1. Le rapport Mapping rendu public le 01 octobre 2010 par le Haut Commissariat des Nations Unies aux Droits de l'Homme, considère que les crimes commis sur les réfugiés rwandais en République Démocratique du Congo, principalement par l'armée rwandaise du Président Kagame, pourraient constituer, s'ils étaient soumis à un juge, un crime de génocide.

2. L'enquête menée par le juge espagnol Andreu Merelles a également conclu que le Président Paul Kagame est l'instigateur des crimes de génocide et des crimes contre l'humanité commis contre les Rwandais et les Congolais, au Rwanda et en RDC entre 1990 et 2002, qui ont également emporté la vie de six citoyens espagnols et pour lesquels quarante officiers de son armée sont recherchés par la justice en Espagne.

3. L'enquête menée en France par le juge Jean-Louis Bruguière a conclu que Paul Kagame était le principal commanditaire de l'attentat du 6 avril 1994, considéré comme l'élément déclencheur du génocide de 1994, qui a emporté les chefs d'Etat du Rwanda et du Burundi et leurs suites. Plus tard, le Président Kagame le reconnaîtra d'ailleurs lui-même sur les ondes de la BBC.

4. Au Rwanda, l'espace politique est totalement verrouillé. En effet, tous les partis politiques non inféodés au Front patriotique rwandais, le parti au pouvoir, se sont vu refusés l'enregistrement. Les opposants politiques sont assassinés ou jetés en prison, les plus chanceux prennent le chemin de l'exil.

5. La société civile est mise au pas : des journalistes et des activistes des droits humains sont purement et simplement assassinés ou mis en prison, alors que d'autres ont été forcés de quitter le pays.

6. Le régime du Président Kagame est responsable d'une chasse organisée contre ses opposants à l'étranger, où il n'hésite pas à envoyer des escadrons de la mort. En 1996 au Kenya, il a fait assassiner son ancien Ministre de l'Intérieur, Seth Sendashonga. Plus récemment en Afrique du Sud, son ex-chef des renseignements extérieurs, Patrick Karegeya, a connu le même sort, tandis que son ancien chef d'état-major, Kayumba Nyamwasa, a échappé au moins à trois tentatives d'assassinat.

Devant un tel constat, au nom de la mémoire des millions de victimes rwandaises et étrangères de la barbarie du régime rwandais, les FDU-MN-INKUBIRI demandent à la Zambie de constater que le problème des réfugiés rwandais est plus complexe que ce que les sirènes de Kigali chantonnent et qu'il s'agit d'une situation exceptionnelle qui requiert des solutions qui sortent des sentiers battus. Personne ne peut en effet demander à une victime d'aller quémander l'aumône auprès de son bourreau, sauf peut-être à vouloir le pousser au suicide.

Les FDU-MN-INKUBIRI restent confiantes que la Zambie est pleinement consciente de cette situation d'exception et qu'elle ne manquera pas d'envisager des solutions plus durables pour les réfugiés rwandais, notamment leur intégration sur place, comme il prévoit par ailleurs de le faire pour d'autres catégories de réfugiés africains.


En tout état de cause, la mesure d'urgence du moment consiste à suspendre provisoirement la mise en œuvre de la clause de cessation du statut de réfugié, étape indispensable vers l'intégration locale où les réfugiés rwandais pourraient avoir droit à un autre statut juridique, dont la perspective d'une naturalisation.


Fait à Bruxelles, le 30 mars 2015

Jean de Dieu TULIKUMANA
Commissaire aux affaires sociales et aux réfugiés

 



###
"Hate Cannot Drive Out Hate. Only Love Can Do That", Dr. Martin Luther King.

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Posted by: Nzinink <nzinink@yahoo.com>
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-The hate of men will pass, and dictators die, and the power they took from the people will return to the people. And so long as men die, liberty will never perish.
-I have loved justice and hated iniquity: therefore I die in exile.
-The price good men pay for indifference to public affairs is to be ruled by evil men.
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[amakurunamateka.com] Rwanda - ‘Under no circumstances’ clause is inviolable, Pambazuka

 


FEATURES

'Under no circumstances' clause is inviolable

On Rwanda's presidential terms limit in the 2003 constitution

Charles KM Kambanda

2015-03-25, Issue 719

http://pambazuka.org/en/category/features/94279

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There is no legal instrument or method to circumvent the presidential terms limit under Article 101 of Rwanda's constitution, save for a coup which would suspend or abrogate the constitution in its entirety. By the letter and spirit of the 2003 constitution, while the length of a presidential term may be decreased or increased from the current seven years, the two terms limit cannot be legally lifted.

A systematic move to drop presidential terms limit to allow the incumbent Paul Kagame to run for the same office after his two constitutional terms expire in 2017 has gained momentum in Rwanda. Top Kagame regime officials are on a crusade to 'popularize' dropping terms limit from the constitution arguing that no Rwandan but Kagame is capable of leading the country. It appears the Kagame regime wants to give an impression that 'the people' are begging Kagame to stay in power, yet the people passed their verdict in the 2003 constitution, Article 101, that 'Under no circumstances shall a person hold the office of President of Republic for more than two terms'. 

WRONG ARGUMENT, SELFISH MOTIVE

The gist of the Kagame regime argument is that 'the people' have powers to change any provision of the constitution at any time 'the people' believe a provision, or a combination of provisions, in the constitution has/have been overtaken by events. The common stanza in Kagame's camp is that no Rwandan is capable of leading the country; Kagame cannot go just because the constitution dictates so. The constitution must be amended to save Kagame for the country's First Office. 

It appears to me that the First Office is Kagame's shield from prosecution for his alleged crimes of international concern in Rwanda and in DR Congo. In addition, Kagame has allegedly butchered both the Hutu and Tutsi way too much that he believes – and rightly so – that no Rwandan, Hutu, Tutsi or otherwise, would take power and keep him as a free man. Kagame has harassed, tormented and incapacitated his predecessor, President Bizimungu. President Kagame probably fears that if he leaves the First Office, his successor will treat him in the same way he has treated his predecessor. It is evident that the Presidency is to President Kagame what water is for fish in the pond. Kagame will probably stop at nothing to hold on to power as long as it is possible for him to hold on to power. Kagame took power by the gun and he rules by the gun. It is obvious that his preoccupation is not rule of law. 

It is my submission that regarding presidential terms limit, under Rwanda's constitution, Kagame has only two options: either to abide by the Article 101 provision that 'Under no circumstances shall a person hold the office of President of the Republic for more than two terms', or overthrow the constitution and his government, which would allow him to write a new constitution. 

STRATEGY TO OVERTHROW THE CONSTITUTION

Article 101 of Rwanda's constitution provides that: 'The President of the Republic is elected for a term of seven years renewable only once. Under no circumstances shall a person hold the office of President of the Republic for more than two terms'. This constitutional provision is categorical on three major things:

(a) No circumstance – external or internal, political or social, present or future by any institution or individual - may be the basis for allowing any person to be president if that person has served two terms. Clearly stated, no amendment to this provision is possible because any reason or ground to amend the two terms cap under Article 101 would amount to 'circumstances' hence triggering the 'under no circumstance' clause of Article 101.  

(b) Whether one serves two presidential terms uninterrupted or interrupted, two terms is the cut-off point; no person can hold that office beyond two terms under the 2003 Rwanda constitution.

(c) Serving more than two terms is as prohibited as amending Article 101. Consequently, as long as the 2003 constitution is in force, no circumstance – including 'the people's' zeal to keep Kagame - is permitted to modify this provision. 

ARTICLE 101 CANNOT BE AMENDED USING ARTICLE 193

Article 193 provides that: 'The power to initiate amendment of the Constitution is vested concurrently in the President of the Republic upon the proposal of the Cabinet and each Chamber of Parliament upon a resolution passed by a two-thirds majority vote of its members. The passage of a constitutional amendment requires a three quarters majority vote of the members of each chamber of Parliament. However, if the constitutional amendment concerns the term of the President of the Republic or the system of democratic government based on political pluralism, or the constitutional regime established by this Constitution especially the republican form of the government or national sovereignty, the amendment must be passed by referendum, after adoption by each Chamber of Parliament…' Apparently, the Kagame regime wrongly believes that the constitutional amendment procedure under Article 193, including a referendum, applies to Article 101 on presidential terms limit as well. 

Articles 101 and 193 of Rwandan constitution are distinguishable. First, Article 101 has two distinct parts (sections). The first part deals with the number of years each term lasts: 'The President of the Republic is elected for a term of seven years renewable only once'. This part is clearly amendable under Article 193 because Article 193 provides that, 'The power to initiate amendment of the Constitution is vested concurrently in the President of the Republic upon the proposal of the Cabinet and each Chamber of Parliament […] However, if the constitutional amendment concerns the term of the President of the Republic or … the amendment must be passed by referendum, after adoption by each Chamber of Parliament…'. The second part (section) of Article 101 deals with the number of terms a person can be in office, thus, 'Under no circumstances shall a person hold the office of President of Republic for more than two terms'. Therefore while Article 193, which provides for the 2003 constitution amendment procedure, provides for amendment to the number of years per presidential term, Article 193 does not tamper with the presidential terms limits (the two terms) because Article 101 itself sealed off presidential terms limit from amendment with the "under no circumstance…" clause as long as the 2003 constitution is in force. In Article 193, like Article 101, the word term (singular form) refers to the number of years per presidential term while the word terms (plural form) refers to the number of terms a person can be a president. 

Second, whereas under Article 193 the president and parliament may initiate an amendment to the constitution, Article 101's 'under no circumstance' clause prevents the president or parliament from initiating amendment to Article 101 section on presidential terms limit because any reason(s) and/or circumstance(s) for such amendment would trigger Article 101 'under no circumstances …' clause. 

Third, whereas Article 193 provides for amendment of other provisions of the constitution for the constitution to adopt to changing circumstances, using any circumstance thereof would be inconsistent with Article 101 'under no circumstance' clause. Consequently, any law that seeks to amend Article 101 to reflect changing circumstances (political or social) - to the extent that it is inconsistent with Article 101 'under no circumstance' clause - is null and void under Article 200 of Rwanda's constitution, which provides that: 'The Constitution is the supreme law of the State. Any law which is contrary to this Constitution is null and void'. 

REFERENDUM TO AMEND SECTION ON TERMS LIMIT WOULD BE ILLEGAL AND A NULLITY

Article 101 of Rwanda's constitution cannot be amended by referendum because such a referendum or circumstance leading to it would amount to circumstance which Article 101's 'under no circumstance …' clause prohibits. 

A referendum on Rwanda's constitution is provided for to amend, inter alia, the number of years one presidential term can last as provided for under Article 193: '… if the constitutional amendment concerns the term of the President of the Republic or the system of democratic government based on political pluralism, […] the amendment must be passed by referendum, after adoption by each Chamber of Parliament…'. 

Therefore, while one presidential term can be increased or decreased to any number by referendum, the two presidential terms limit under Article 101 can never be changed under the 2003 constitution because 'Under no circumstances shall a person hold the office of President of Republic for more than two terms'.

Article 193 of Rwanda's constitution is wrongly cited by the Kagame government as the basis for overriding Article 101 which slaps a complete ban on a person's stay in power after serving two terms. The Kagame government's appreciation of the two articles of the country's constitution is erroneous because the two articles address different issues. There is no inconsistence between Article 101 and Article 193. In any case, the framers of Rwanda's constitution could not have intended that one article of the constitution invalidates another provision of the same constitution.

Article 101 of Rwanda's constitution cannot be amended. The framers of Rwanda's constitution worded the article in such a way that any reason or circumstance anybody or a group of people might have against the presidential terms limit cannot be used to amend Article 101 because the article foresaw all those possible 'reasons' and circumstances and concluded that 'under no circumstance…' and, accordingly, Article 200 puts it clearly that any law or act to tamper with Article 101 or any other provision of the constitution is null and void. 

The intention of the framers of the 2003 Rwanda constitution in sealing off presidential terms limit from amendment was to make sure that no Rwandan is president for an indefinite period of time and, possibly, for life. Rwandans are aware of the dangers of one group of people holding on to power indefinitely. Rwandan's political history is characterized by extreme violence and militant rulers loading it over their subjects indefinitely. This has always led to wars and horrific crimes. 

* Charles KM Kambanda, PhD, is Attorney and Counsel-at-law, New York, US.

* THE VIEWS OF THE ABOVE ARTICLE ARE THOSE OF THE AUTHOR/S AND DO NOT NECESSARILY REFLECT THE VIEWS OF THE PAMBAZUKA NEWS EDITORIAL TEAM

* BROUGHT TO YOU BY PAMBAZUKA NEWS

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* Please send comments to editor[at]pambazuka[dot]org or comment online at Pambazuka News.


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###
"Hate Cannot Drive Out Hate. Only Love Can Do That", Dr. Martin Luther King.

__._,_.___

Posted by: Nzinink <nzinink@yahoo.com>
Reply via web post Reply to sender Reply to group Start a New Topic Messages in this topic (1)
-------------------------------------------------------------------___________________________________________________
-Ce dont jai le plus peur, cest des gens qui croient que, du jour  au lendemain, on peut prendre une société, lui tordre le cou et en faire une autre.
-The hate of men will pass, and dictators die, and the power they took from the people will return to the people. And so long as men die, liberty will never perish.
-I have loved justice and hated iniquity: therefore I die in exile.
-The price good men pay for indifference to public affairs is to be ruled by evil men.
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=--=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-To post a message: amakurunamateka@yahoogroups.com; .To join: amakurunamateka-subscribe@yahoogroups.com; -To unsubscribe from this group,send an email to:
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-More news:  http://www.amakurunamateka.com

https://www.facebook.com/amakurunamateka
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Monday 30 March 2015

[amakurunamateka.com] FW: Qui sont ces milices hutus qui menacent le Yemen?

 

Yewe Bwana Gerard Rwagasana, aha ugize neza cyane kuko werekanye ko umuco mwiza w'abarezi benshi b'inyangamugayo bakubanjilije nka ba Prof Muswahili, Ruhashyankiko, Balibutsa, Gasana (A.), Ndoreyaho, Karenzi, Katabarwa (J.B), Mbarutso,  n'abandi wawufashe igihe wabarebaga barera. Nibyo rwose gucyamura ibibondo biliho bihohwa: ntabwo rwose ali Joking,  ni uburenganzira bwawe nkuko wabirazwe n'abakuboneye izuba. Ahubwo dusabe aba buzukuru bacu urera nabo bazakure maze bagere ku bwitonzi n'ubushishozi nk'ubu bwawe, bave mu byontazi,  maze nabo bazashobore kurera neza abuzukuruza bacu!

Uburezi nyabwo ntibujya burangira, buhoraho uko ibisekuru bisimburana! 


       


Date: Fri, 27 Mar 2015 14:30:32 +0000
From: gerwaga@yahoo.com
To: didyminani@yahoo.com; nzinink@yahoo.com; jeangatera@yahoo.be; sharangabo.rufagari@gmail.com; rwembe6030@yahoo.fr; gasana31@gmail.com; zac.biampa@yahoo.fr; akagera@hotmail.com; psj_survivors@yahoo.com; fmunyabagisha@hotmail.com; kayijamahe2000@yahoo.com; lyar66@yahoo.fr; niyimike@yahoo.fr; byilin@yahoo.com; nuwacu@yahoo.fr; sibomanaxyz999@gmail.com; nsengabe@yahoo.fr; skweli@yahoo.fr; munyesanga@yahoo.fr; kotakori@hotmail.com; musajados@yahoo.fr
Subject: Re: Qui sont ces milices hutus qui menacent le Yemen?

Ahari hu (hou) hose si hutu ! Baraguhahamuye?!!! Im joking!
 
Rwagasana Gerard
P.O. Box 4301 Kigali - Rwanda
Mob: 250-788460976 
Home: 250 255104911
mailto: gerwaga@yahoo.com
  


The Secret: Thoughts become Things
 



On Thursday, 26 March 2015, 5:15, Didy Minani <didyminani@yahoo.com> wrote:


Décidément!


__._,_.___

Posted by: kota venant <kotakori@hotmail.com>
Reply via web post Reply to sender Reply to group Start a New Topic Messages in this topic (1)
-------------------------------------------------------------------___________________________________________________
-Ce dont jai le plus peur, cest des gens qui croient que, du jour  au lendemain, on peut prendre une société, lui tordre le cou et en faire une autre.
-The hate of men will pass, and dictators die, and the power they took from the people will return to the people. And so long as men die, liberty will never perish.
-I have loved justice and hated iniquity: therefore I die in exile.
-The price good men pay for indifference to public affairs is to be ruled by evil men.
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=--=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-To post a message: amakurunamateka@yahoogroups.com; .To join: amakurunamateka-subscribe@yahoogroups.com; -To unsubscribe from this group,send an email to:
amakurunamateka-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
_____________________________________________________
-More news:  http://www.amakurunamateka.com

https://www.facebook.com/amakurunamateka
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-SVP, considérer  environnement   avant toute  impression de  cet e-mail ou les pièces jointes.
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Sunday 29 March 2015

[amakurunamateka.com] Rwanda : Ku byerekeye manda ntarengwa za prezida mw’itegekonshinga ryo muri 2003 nk’uko ryahinduwe--Dr. Charles Kambanda

 

Dr. Charles Kambanda: Ku byerekeye manda ntarengwa za prezida mw'itegekonshinga ryo muri 2003 nk'uko ryahinduwe


###
"Hate Cannot Drive Out Hate. Only Love Can Do That", Dr. Martin Luther King.

__._,_.___

Posted by: Nzinink <nzinink@yahoo.com>
Reply via web post Reply to sender Reply to group Start a New Topic Messages in this topic (1)
-------------------------------------------------------------------___________________________________________________
-Ce dont jai le plus peur, cest des gens qui croient que, du jour  au lendemain, on peut prendre une société, lui tordre le cou et en faire une autre.
-The hate of men will pass, and dictators die, and the power they took from the people will return to the people. And so long as men die, liberty will never perish.
-I have loved justice and hated iniquity: therefore I die in exile.
-The price good men pay for indifference to public affairs is to be ruled by evil men.
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=--=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-To post a message: amakurunamateka@yahoogroups.com; .To join: amakurunamateka-subscribe@yahoogroups.com; -To unsubscribe from this group,send an email to:
amakurunamateka-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
_____________________________________________________
-More news:  http://www.amakurunamateka.com

https://www.facebook.com/amakurunamateka
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-SVP, considérer  environnement   avant toute  impression de  cet e-mail ou les pièces jointes.
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-Please consider the environment before printing this email or any attachments.
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Saturday 28 March 2015

[amakurunamateka.com] Re: Rwanda’s political future: King Paul- A successful man with no successor

 

Some interesting comments @


On Mar 27, 2015, at 2:19 PM, Aimable Mugara aimable59@hotmail.com [RAYA-Network] <RAYA-Network@yahoogroups.com> wrote:

 

Too much praise for the beast Kagame and very little reality in this article. I expected better from The Economist considering their previous coverage of issues in the Great Lakes Region of Africa.

Aimable Mugara


To: nzinink@yahoo.com
From: RAYA-Network@yahoogroups.com
Date: Fri, 27 Mar 2015 14:13:49 -0400
Subject: [RAYA-Network] Rwanda's political future: King Paul- A successful man with no successor

 

And yet in one important respect he [King Paul] has failed. In history's judgment, leaders are only as good as the successors they groom. Mr Kagame has sacked or chased away just about everyone around him who could take over. Some have fled the country and a few have died in mysterious circumstances; others went to prison. In Rwanda it feels inconceivable that anyone could replace Mr Kagame, who last year said that dissidents plotting against the government would "pay the price wherever they are."
http://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21647365-successful-man-no-successor-king-paul


###
"Hate Cannot Drive Out Hate. Only Love Can Do That", Dr. Martin Luther King.

__._,_.___

Posted by: Nzinink <nzinink@yahoo.com>
Reply via web post Reply to sender Reply to group Start a New Topic Messages in this topic (1)
-------------------------------------------------------------------___________________________________________________
-Ce dont jai le plus peur, cest des gens qui croient que, du jour  au lendemain, on peut prendre une société, lui tordre le cou et en faire une autre.
-The hate of men will pass, and dictators die, and the power they took from the people will return to the people. And so long as men die, liberty will never perish.
-I have loved justice and hated iniquity: therefore I die in exile.
-The price good men pay for indifference to public affairs is to be ruled by evil men.
=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=--=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
-To post a message: amakurunamateka@yahoogroups.com; .To join: amakurunamateka-subscribe@yahoogroups.com; -To unsubscribe from this group,send an email to:
amakurunamateka-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com
_____________________________________________________
-More news:  http://www.amakurunamateka.com

https://www.facebook.com/amakurunamateka
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-SVP, considérer  environnement   avant toute  impression de  cet e-mail ou les pièces jointes.
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__,_._,___

-“The root cause of the Rwandan tragedy of 1994 is the long and past historical ethnic dominance of one minority ethnic group to the other majority ethnic group. Ignoring this reality is giving a black cheque for the Rwandan people’s future and deepening resentment, hostility and hatred between the two groups.”

-« Ce dont j’ai le plus peur, c’est des gens qui croient que, du jour au lendemain, on peut prendre une société, lui tordre le cou et en faire une autre ».

-“The hate of men will pass, and dictators die, and the power they took from the people will return to the people. And so long as men die, liberty will never perish.”

-“I have loved justice and hated iniquity: therefore I die in exile.

-“The price good men pay for indifference to public affairs is to be ruled by evil men.”

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