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RDC: l'ONU menace implicitement Kigali de sanctions

19/10/2012 à 21h:03 | AFP

    

RDC: l'ONU menace implicitement Kigali de sanctions © AFP

Le Conseil de sécurité de l'ONU a exprimé vendredi son "soutien total" aux experts de l'ONU qui accusent Kigali et Kampala d'armer la rébellion en RDCongo et a menacé implicitement de prendre des sanctions contre de hauts responsables de ces deux pays.

Dans une déclaration, le Conseil condamne fermement "tout appui extérieur" apporté au mouvement rebelle congolais M23 par des "pays voisins" et exige que ces ingérences cessent sous peine de sanctions, en référence implicite au Rwanda et à l'Ouganda.

Le Conseil "exprime son soutien total" à ses experts qui ont accusé formellement dans un rapport confidentiel les deux pays de continuer à armer le M23 ce que Kigali comme Kampala démentent catégoriquement.

Il se dit prêt à prendre des "sanctions ciblées" contre les dirigeants du M23 et "ceux qui violent le régime de sanctions et l'embargo sur les armes" auxquels est soumise la République démocratique du Congo (RDC), ce qui pourrait l'amener à sanctionner notamment le ministre rwandais de la Défense mis en cause directement dans le rapport des experts de l'ONU.

Il demande aux pays membres de soumettre "d'urgence" des listes de personnes ou d'entités à sanctionner.

Le Conseil "exprime son soutien total au groupe d'experts de l'ONU du comité 1533", qui ont rédigé ce rapport accablant pour le Rwanda et l'Ouganda, et demandent aux pays de la région de renforcer leur coopération" avec ces experts. Ce rapport doit être soumis formellement au Conseil le mois prochain.

Cette prise de position très ferme intervient au lendemain de l'élection par l'Assemblée générale de l'ONU du Rwanda comme membre non permanent du Conseil de sécurité, pour un mandat de deux ans commençant en janvier prochain.

Le Conseil "réitère sa ferme condamnation de tout appui extérieur au M23 et à cet égard, exprime sa grave inquiétude face aux informations indiquant qu'un tel appui continue d'être fourni au M23 par des pays voisins". Les 15 membres du Conseil "exige que cet appui extérieur au M23 et à d'autres grouopes armés cesse immédiatement", sans toutefois mettre en cause nommément le Rwanda et l'Ouganda.

Le Conseil demande à tous les pays de la région de "coopérer activement" avec le gouvernement congolais pour désarmer le M23 et les autres groupes armés qui opérent dans la région.

Le rapport de l'ONU, dont l'AFP a eu copie, conclut que les gouvernements rwandais et ougandais continuent de soutenir militairement et politiquement le M23, allant même jusqu'à affirmer que la rebellion est commandée "de facto" par le ministre rwandais de la défense, le général James Kabarabe.

Le Mouvement du 23 mars (M23) est formé par d'anciens rebelles qui, après avoir été intégré en 2009 dans l'armée congolaise, se sont ensuite mutinés et affrontent depuis mai dernier l'armée régulière de la RDC.

Dans sa déclaration, le Conseil demande aussi au secrétariat général de l'ONU de lui faire des propositions pour "renforcer les capacités de la Monusco (Mission de l'ONU en RDCongo) à remplir son mandat", y compris pour surveiller le "flot d'armes et de matériel" militaire qui passe par les frontières est de la RDC. Celles-ci bordent le Rwanda et l'Ouganda.

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DRC: Patrick Mbeko on the admission of Rwanda to the United Nations Security Council

http://therisingcontinent.wordpress.com/2012/10/19/patrick-mbeko-on-the-admission-of-rwanda-to-the-united-nations-security-council/ Patrick Mbeko on the admission of Rwanda to the United Nations Security Council. Etienne Tshisekedi, leader of the Congolese opposition party UDPS The declaration of Etienne Tshisekedi about M23 and Rwanda interference in DRC, at the end of his discussions with Francois Hollande on October 12, 2012, reminds of another politician, Faustin Twagiramungu, former Rwandan prime minister, who announced in 1992 that the problem his country had while the Rwandan Patriotic Front occupied part of his country, was not the invasion from Uganda by the rebel group, but the leadership of Juvenal Habyarimana, former president of Rwanda who was assassinated by Paul Kagame on April 6th, 1994 by ordering the shooting down of his aeroplane. The rest that followed is history. Rwanda joins the Security Council of the United Nations, despite its involvement in the destabilization of the Democratic Republic of Congo, through its proxy puppets. Congolese people are outraged. They may be right, but the problem is that the same Congolese are cheering Etienne Tshisekedi's declarations, while answering a question of a journalist who asked him whether DRC had been attacked. He said: "DRC is not attacked; there is only a leadership problem, if a country operates like an open ground, where anyone can enter as they want…so the problem is elsewhere; it is all about leadership; this to say that the country has not been attacked, that's the individual who was here [Laurent Desire Kabila?] who was also a traitor, who had signed agreements that we did not know about …" These statements speak volumes. DRC is not under attack! Put yourself in the place of all these foreigners who follow the news about DRC and listening to such statements. Even one Cameroonian friend railed while hearing that. Imagine for a moment that Rwanda brandish this statement to clear itself of its involvement in the DRC to the UN. What can we say if a Western official brandish such declaration against Congolese allegations of attack by Rwanda? How can one trust someone who has no expertise of major issues that their country faces? Mind you, Etienne Tshisekedi does ever accuse Paul Kagame of Rwanda in his statements? Last year, during the electoral campaign, he said on RFI that insecurity in the East is due to the presence of Mai Mai who came with Kabila. Frankly unbelievable! But let me tell you an anecdote, dear friends. Three weeks ago, I was discussing with Helmut Strizek, a German political scientist and expert with the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR). At one point, the gentleman told me this: "You know, Tshisekedi gets along well with Kagame. He even told me that Rwanda has never been the problem in the Congo … " While listening to Tshisekedi's statements at the end of his meeting with Hollande [in Kinshasa], my conversation with Strizek came straight back to my mind. I was somehow surprised even though I know that in 2002, Kagame hosted Tshisekedi gracefully. The question I ask myself is this: how far will Congolese people continue to be accommodating and complacent to its political elites? Why are we so sectarian and blind supporters? A people that has made one man its ideal will ultimately disappear. I have great respect for Mr. Tshisekedi but I think it's time for  Congolese people to turn the page. There must be a renewal of the current political class. Political leadership at the highest level is neither a simplistic game for narrow minds nor a series of mediocre films for lazy viewers. In politics, it is not always enough to watch the scenery to understand the movie or read the story to understand the role of actors. It may happen that the actors themselves do not necessarily understand the meaning of their role in the scenario. One may think that this piece is not particularly focused on Faustin Twagiramungu, former Rwandan prime minister, with Alexis Kanyarengwe, former RPF chairman, both Hutu, who were used by the RPF [which is Tutsi] to gain power in Rwanda, where 85% of the population is Hutu. Rwanda is getting its seat on the UNSC. But think about it. If those [148 votes out of 193] who supported its admission had the same views as Etienne Tshisekedi, I hope now you can get my point that everything here is about that seat. I agree with Patrick Mbeko on the necessary renewal of African elites. I would even go a little bit further: we [Africans] need to create a social and political framework [at national and pan African levels] to identify, nurture, and promote the right leaders for our countries and continent. And such structure demands to be relatively independent and neutral from politicians. To illustrate my argument on the required renewal of African politics, let me give an example. When Nelson Mandela was released from prison and became the first Black president of his country, he was hailed as a living legend. He was invited to lead on many peace initiatives around the world, Northern Ireland, Burundi, etc. His country sold weapons to Rwanda that helped invade DRC. And his overall attitude towards Rwanda's Paul Kagame from 1994 onwards, plus the pursuit of South African national interests in the Great Lakes region, enabled the situation that we see today in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Had South Africa of Nelson Mandela been out the Great Lakes region affairs, the situation would probably be different. But because Mandela international status was not questionable, it was used at the expense of today 8 millions of Africans and the repression of 10 millions of Rwandans by Paul Kagame's regime. One might think that this is an exaggeration of considering that Mandela had much to do with what is happening in the region; but there are many interconnections which are not always obvious, but while being significant in their impacts. Etienne Tshisekedi is legendary in Congolese politics so much so that it would be seen as inappropriate to question his stand on certain issues. Patrick Mbeko is pointing at his position on Rwandan involvement in DRC. In the same way the position of the former Rwandan former prime minister Faustin Twagiramungu on RPF deepened the Rwandans' suffering, lets hope Congolese people will be more wiser about their venerated leader Etienne Tshisekedi with his views about Rwandan interference in DRC affairs.

Brussels : Saturday 20 Oct, hundreds at #FreeVictoire demonstration...

http://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.10151065794836548.428725.109504816547&type=1 Rwanda - Brussels : Saturday 20 Oct, hundreds at #FreeVictoire demonstration to Support Victoire Ingabire and other Rwandan Political prisoners noble cause Like · Comment Like · Comment 1 Like · Comment 1 Like · Comment 1 Like · Comment 1 Like · Comment 2 Like · Comment 1 Like · Comment Like · Comment Like · Comment Like · Comment Like · Comment Like · Comment Like ·

http://csis.org/multimedia/audio-stress-testing-rwanda Audio: Stress Testing Rwanda Jul 8, 2011 Duration: 10:00 DOWNLOAD AUDIO (RIGHT-CLICK AND SAVE) Africa Program director, Jennifer Cooke, discusses threats to national stability in Rwanda and her latest report, Rwanda: Assessing Risks to Stability. Stress Testing Rwanda is part of CSIS study series Stress Testing African States that examines the risks of instability in 10 African countries over the next decade: Angola,Botswana, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda,Senegal, Sudan, and Uganda. The 10 papers are designed to be complementary but can also be read individually as self-standing country studies. The overview paper,Assessing Risks to Stability in Sub-Saharan Africa, draws on common themes and explains the methodology underpinning the research. Programs AFRICA PROGRAM, STRESS TESTING AFRICAN STATES Topics TRADE AND ECONOMICS, GOVERNANCE Regions AFRICA, SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA RELATED MULTIMEDIA Audio: Assessing Risks to Stability in Sub-Saharan Africa JUL 15, 2011 DURATION: 8:53 DEFENSE AND SECURITY, TRADE AND ECONOMICS, GOVERNANCE AFRICA, SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

Rwanda: Assessing Risks to Stability

http://csis.org/publication/rwanda Rwanda Assessing Risks to Stability By Jennifer G. Cooke Contributor: Richard Downie JUN 30, 2011 This report, Rwanda: Assessing Risks to Stability, is part of CSIS study series Stress Testing African Statesthat examines the risks of instability in 10 African countries over the next decade: Angola, Botswana, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya,Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sudan, and Uganda. The 10 papers are designed to be complementary but can also be read individually as self-standing country studies. The overview paper, Assessing Risks to Stability in Sub-Saharan Africa, draws on common themes and explains the methodology underpinning the research. An interview with this report's author can be found at Audio: Stress Testing Rwanda. The project was commissioned by the U.S. Africa Command (AFRICOM). The papers in this study are not meant to offer hard and fast predictions about the future. While they sketch out some potential scenarios for the next 10 years, these efforts should be treated as thought experiments that look at how different dynamics might converge to create the conditions for instability. The intention is not to single out countries believed to be at risk of impending disaster and make judgments about how they will collapse. Few, if any, of the countries in this series are at imminent risk of breakdown. All of them have coping mechanisms that militate against conflict, and discussions of potential "worst-case scenarios" have to be viewed with this qualification in mind.  "Commissioned by the US Africom, the report highlights the deficit of open space policy as a source of destabilization of a country that has not yet seen the end of the tunnel from the politico-ethnic trauma of 1994." –Editions Sources du Nil  "With this study key points in mind, there are some of the scenarios which are highlighted and could become reality in the coming years." –The Rising Continent   Publisher CSIS ISBN 978-0-89206-636-0 (pb) Programs AFRICA PROGRAM, AFRICAN SECURITY ISSUES, AFRICOM, STRESS TESTING AFRICAN STATES Topics DEFENSE AND SECURITY, INTERNATIONAL SECURITY, TERRORISM, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND RECONSTRUCTION Regions AFRICA, SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA Rwanda