Led by Rwanda, Congo army mutiny became well-armed revolt: U.N. experts

http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/sns-rt-us-congo-democratic-rwanda-unbre8ak132-20121121,0,2464921.story





Led by Rwanda, Congo army mutiny became well-armed revolt: U.N. experts

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Michelle Nichols

Reuters

11:51 a.m. CST, November 21, 2012



UNITED NATIONS (Reuters) - The rebel seizure of a key city in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo comes eight months after a small mutiny grew into a well-armed insurgency commanded by Rwanda's defense minister, U.N. experts and some officials say.



The Congolese government says Rwanda is orchestrating the revolt to grab resources including diamonds, gold and coltan, used in electronics. Kigali denies the charges.





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Free List of Medicare Advantage & Medicare Part D Plans. Compare Now!PlanPrescriber.com/MedicareHundreds of soldiers defected from the Congolese army in March in North Kivu province and joined the M23 rebel group, whose ranks have swelled to several thousand with the help of fighters recruited by the Rwandan army, U.N. experts said.



A confidential report by the U.N. Security Council's Group of Experts, first seen by Reuters last month and made public on Wednesday, said Rwandan troops have also been reinforcing M23 operations and supplying weapons and ammunition, while Rwandan Defense Minister James Kabarebe has been commanding the entire rebellion from Kigali.



Speaking to the U.N. Security Council via video link from Kinshasa on Wednesday, Roger Meece, head of the 17,000-strong U.N. mission in Congo known as MONUSCO, said M23 has achieved what he described as "impressive capabilities."



He said peacekeepers had encountered English-speaking rebels - an official language of Rwanda, not Congo - with surprising weaponry and equipment, suggesting they had external support.



"The M23 forces are well-provisioned and well-supplied with uniforms and a variety of arms and ammunitions, many of which clearly have not come from existing FARDC (Congolese army) stocks," Meece told the Security Council.



"They exhibit many characteristics of a strong, disciplined, established military force with sophisticated tactics and operations, including night operations, which are not characteristic of traditional performance," he said.



The M23 rebels vowed on Wednesday to "liberate" all of the Democratic Republic of Congo after seizing the city of Goma on Tuesday.



The U.N. experts report said Rwanda exercised overall command and strategic planning for M23. The report also accused Uganda of aiding the insurgency, a claim Kampala denies.



"Rwanda continues to violate the arms embargo through direct military support to M23 rebels, facilitation of recruitment, encouragement and facilitation of FARDC (Congolese army) desertions as well as the provision of arms and ammunition, intelligence, and political advice," said the UN report.



The experts said in the report that M23 officers and soldiers had witnessed deliveries of weapons and ammunition by the Rwandan army to M23 headquarters every two weeks since the rebellion started.



EASTERN CONGO 'ANNEXED'



A U.N. official, who spoke on the condition of anonymity, said on Tuesday that as the rebels advanced on Goma, the capital of North Kivu province, they appeared to have received help as they had grown in numbers and "suddenly got a lot better."



"On Thursday when they launched their first attack, they were not able to repulse the Congolese army," the official said. "On Friday there was a bit of a lull and on Saturday morning it was just like a Blitzkrieg. ... Their tactics are good."



Another senior U.N. official has said Rwanda had effectively "annexed" eastern Congo using the rebel force, and the U.N. Security Council on Tuesday condemned in a resolution "attempts by the M23 to establish an illegitimate parallel administration and to undermine state authority.



Rwanda's Foreign Minister Louise Mushikiwabo said last month that Kigali has no "desire to cut off part of the DRC. ... Rwanda is very happy with its size." Rwanda has backed armed movements in the Congo over the past two decades, citing a need to tackle Rwandan rebels operating out of Congo's eastern hills.



The Security Council also expressed deep concern in its resolution "that external support continues to be provided to the M23, including through troop reinforcement, tactical advice and the supply of equipment, causing a significant increase of the military abilities of the M23."



The council's resolution "demands that any and all outside support to the M23 cease immediately."



The rebellion is partly funded by traders in Rwanda who are profiting from tin, tungsten and tantalum smuggled across the border from mines in the eastern DRC, according to the U.N. experts' report.



The experts said M23 had been seeking to open a front in western Congo and as a result had "adopted a broader political platform, denouncing the flaws in the 2011 electoral process and the lack of good governance by the President Joseph Kabila."



Goma's capture will be an embarrassment for Kabila, who won re-election late last year in polls that triggered widespread riots in Kinshasa and which international observers said were marred by fraud.



The M23 rebels take their name from a March 2009 peace deal that ended a previous rebellion in North Kivu and led to their integration into the national army. They accuse the government of not respecting the deal.



The renewed fighting was also partly triggered by Kabila's announcement that he would arrest former Congolese general Bosco Ntaganda - who controls the rebellion on the ground in eastern Congo - on International Criminal Court charges of conscripting child soldiers, murder, ethnic persecution and rape.



The full U.N. Security Council's Group of Experts report on Congo can be seen here: http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/2012/843



(Reporting by Michelle Nichols; Editing by Tiffany Wu and Todd Eastham)

FYI---US vs M23

Victoria Nuland Spokesperson Daily Press Briefing Washington, DC November 20, 2012 http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/dpb/2012/11/200906.htm#DEMOCRATICREPUBLICOFCONGO QUESTION: Congo? MS. NULAND: Yeah. QUESTION: The M23 rebels have now taken control of Goma. Do you have any reaction to that, and do you hold Rwanda responsible for the conduct of those rebels and what they now do in Goma? MS. NULAND: Well, obviously, we condemn the ongoing violent assault of M23 and the fact that it's now taken Goma in violation of the sovereignty of the DRC. We are calling and we are working, as you know, in New York today on a UN Security Council resolution that would also call for an immediate ceasefire, that would call for a pullback of M23 forces to their July lines, that would – we also bilaterally are working with Presidents Kagame, Kabila, Museveni to encourage them to come together in a process of dialogue to reject any kind of military solution to the problems in Eastern DRC and instead set up a political process to address grievances, to renounce any kind of external support for M23, et cetera. So – and we are also obviously looking in the New York context at increasing international sanctions on M23, et cetera. So it is a very dangerous, very worrying, very concerning situation there. QUESTION: What about the responsibility that Rwanda has, if you see any, for the conduct of the M23 rebels? Because the Kabila government has refused to speak directly to M23, saying instead that they should really be talking to Rwanda. MS. NULAND: Again, we do think that Rwanda has got to be part of the solution here, that they have influence and that they need to use it with regard to demilitarizing the situation, getting the M23 to pull back, to ensure that they are not externally supported, et cetera. So as you know, Under Secretary Sherman was there; she's had conversations with these leaders, and we are also using other channels to try to encourage the three leaders to work together on a lasting solution. Anything else? Goyal -- == NATIONAL SECURITY Susan Rice: Benghazi May Be Least of Her Problems Rights activists say she's been dancing with African dictators since the '90s. Share on facebookShare on twitterShare on emailMore Sharing Services By Michael Hirsh Updated: November 16, 2012 | 5:19 p.m.  November 16, 2012 | 6:00 a.m. http://www.nationaljournal.com/nationalsecurity/susan-rice-benghazi-may-be-least-of-her-problems-20121116 AP PHOTO/JOHN MINCHILLO United States Ambassador to the United Nations Susan Rice speaks with an aide during a meeting of the Security Council during the 67th U.N. General Assembly, at U.N. headquarters, Wednesday, Sept. 26, 2012.    For a president who rarely shows emotion, Barack Obama's surprisingly personal blast at Republican critics of Susan Rice, his U.N ambassador, suggested two things. One, Obama genuinely admires Rice and thinks she's being unfairly criticized for giving an controversial explanation of the Sept. 11 Benghazi attack that later didn't hold up. And two, he may well intend to name her his second-term secretary of State, as some reports indicate. Obama made a fair point when he said Rice "had nothing to do with Benghazi and was simply making a presentation based on intelligence that she had received." All Rice did was to carefully articulate on the Sunday TV talk shows what the administration knew at the time, "based on the best information we have to date," as she put it. But there are other issues with Rice's record, both as U.N. ambassador and earlier as a senior Clinton administration official, that are all but certain to come out at any confirmation hearing, many of them concerning her performance in Africa. Critics say that since her failure to advocate an intervention in the terrible genocide in Rwanda in 1994 — Bill Clinton later said his administration's unwillingness to act was the worst mistake of his presidency — she has conducted a dubious and naïve policy of looking the other way at allies who commit atrocities, reflecting to some degree the stark and emotionless realpolitik sometimes associated with Obama, who is traveling this week to another formerly isolated dictatorship: Burma. (TIMELINE: The Rise and Fall of David Petraeus) Most recently, critics say, Rice held up publication of a U.N. report that concluded that the government of Rwandan President Paul Kagame, with whom she has a long and close relationship, was supplying and financing a brutal Congolese rebel force known as the M23 Movement. M23's leader, Bosco Ntaganda, is wanted by the International Criminal Court for recruiting child soldiers and is accused of committing atrocities. She has even wrangled with Johnnie Carson, the assistant secretary of State for the Bureau of African Affairs, and others in the department, who all have been more critical of the Rwandans, according to some human-rights activists who speak with State's Africa team frequently. Rice claimed she wanted Rwanda to get a fair hearing and examine the report first, and her spokesman, Payton Knopf, says that "it's patently incorrect to say she slowed [it] down." But Jason Stearns, a Yale scholar who worked for 10 years in the Congo and wrote a book called Dancing in the Glory of Monsters, says "that is not common practice with these reports. Even when Rwanda did get a hearing, all they did was to use it to smear the report and say how wrong it was." The report has since been published. Mark Lagon, a former assistant secretary of State under George W. Bush and a human-rights specialist at Georgetown, has generally positive things to say about Rice's tenure as U.N. ambassador, especially her leadership in the intervention in Libya against Muammar el-Qaddafi and her revival of the administration's failing policy on Darfur. But he too says she has fallen short on Africa. "In recent months, there is documentary evidence of atrocities in the DRC [Democratic Republic of the Congo], and their umbilical cord is back in Rwanda. These issues have not been raised in the Security Council, and Susan has fought the U.N. raising them in the Security Council,"  Lagon says. In September, Rice also delivered a glowing eulogy for the late Ethiopian Prime Minister Meles Zenawi, whom many rights activists considered to have been a repressive dictator.   Recently, during a meeting at the U.N. mission of France, after the French ambassador told Rice that the U.N. needed to do more to intervene in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rice was said to have replied: "It's the eastern DRC. If it's not M23, it's going to be some other group," according to an account given by a human-rights worker who spoke with several people in the room. (Rice's spokesman said he was familiar with the meeting but did not know if she made the comment.) If true, that rather jaded observation would appear to echo a Rice remark that Howard French, a long-timeNew York Times correspondent in Africa, related in an essay in the New York Review of Books in 2009, which was highly critical of Rice.  In the article, headlined "Kagame's Secret War in the Congo," in which French calls the largely ignored conflict "one of the most destructive wars in modern history," he suggests that Rice either naïvely or callously trusted new African leaders such as Kagame and Yoweri Museveni of Uganda to stop any future genocide, saying, "They know how to deal with that. The only thing we have to do is look the other  way." Stearns, the author, says that during Rice's time in the Clinton administration "they were complicit to the extent that they turned a blind eye and took at face value Rwandan assurances that Rwanda was looking only after its own security interests." Knopf, Rice's spokesman, says "she clearly has relationships, some of which are very close, with African leaders, and Kagame is one of them. Her view and our view is that these relationships have given her an opportunity to influence events." At the same time, however, Knopf says Rice has been tough and forthright in criticizing Rwandan abuses, and backed a "very strong statement out of the Security Council in August about M23." (The statement, though, did not refer to Rwandan support directly.) In a speech she gave at the Kigali Institute of Science and Technology in November 2011, Rice took Kagame's government to task for a political culture that "remains comparatively closed. Press restrictions persist. Civil-society activists, journalists, and political opponents of the government often fear organizing peacefully and speaking out. Some have been harassed. Some have been intimidated by late-night callers. Some have simply disappeared." The long conflict in Congo has sometimes been called "Africa's World War," because it has led to a staggering 5.4 million deaths — far more than any war anywhere since World War II. Throughout it, Kagame has appeared to play a clever game of pretending to intervene to impose peace and deliver Western-friendly policies, while in fact carving out a sphere of influence by which he can control parts of Congo's mineral wealth. Ironically, much of the controversy that surrounds Rice's relationship with Kagame and other African leaders goes back to the event that Rice herself has admitted was personally wrenching for her, and influenced much of her later views: her failure to stop the Rwandan genocide. At the time, under National Security Adviser Anthony Lake, Rice was in charge of advising Clinton's National Security Council on peacekeeping and international organizations such as the United Nations. "Essentially, they wanted [Rwanda] to go away," scholar Michael Barnett, who worked at the U.S. mission to the United Nations then and later wrote the book Eyewitness to Genocide, told me in an interview in 2008. "There was little interest by Rice or Lake in trying to stir up any action in Washington."  Both Lake and Rice later said they were haunted by their inaction. In an interview in 2008, Rice told me that she was too "junior"at the time to have affected decision-making then, but that "everyone who lived through that feels profoundly remorseful and bothered by it."  "I will never forget the horror of walking through a church and an adjacent schoolyard where one of the massacres had occurred," Rice said in her 2011 speech in Kigali. "Six months later, the decomposing bodies of those who had been so cruelly murdered still lay strewn around what should have been a place of peace. For me, the memory of stepping around and over those corpses will remain the most searing reminder imaginable of what humans can do to one another." Rice's relationship with Kagame began with her efforts to form a new African leaders group in the aftermath of the Rwandan genocide. Among them were Museveni and Ethiopia's Zenawi. The Clinton administration "believed in an African renaissance," says Stearns. "She backed this somewhat naïvely, because they were forward-looking leaders who spoke a different language. They spoke about markets." While Rice was serving — and despite her later denials before Congress — the Clinton administration appeared to back an invasion of the troubled Congo by Rwanda and Uganda, according to a 2002 article in the journal Current History by Columbia University scholar Peter Rosenblum. In the article, titled "Irrational Exuberance: The Clinton Administration in Africa," Rosenblum called the invasion "a public relations disaster from which the United States has not recovered." Want to stay ahead of the curve? Sign up for National Journal's AM & PM Must Reads. News and analysis to ensure you don't miss a thing.

Fw: *DHR* Gutabariza infungwa za Mpanga. PDP-IMANZI ITANGAZO RIGENEWE ABANYAMAKURU. [1 pièce jointe]

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From: Gerard Semushi Karangwa <karangwasemushi_gerard@yahoo.fr>
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Subject: *DHR* Gutabariza infungwa za Mpanga. PDP-IMANZI ITANGAZO RIGENEWE ABANYAMAKURU. [1 pièce jointe]

 

[Pièces jointes envoyées par Gerard Semushi Karangwa incluses ci-dessous]

ITANGAZO RY'ISHYAKA PDP-IMANZI RIGENEWE ABANYAMAKURU.

 

Ishyaka PDP-IMANZI riramagana bikomeye ubuyobozi bwa gereza ya Mpanga bukomeje kubangamira abagorogwa bunyonga mu buryo budasobanutse, amabaruwa bandikira inzego za Leta zinyuranye mu rwego rwo gusaba kurenganurwa.

 

Ku itariki ya 03/10/2012, abagorogwa makumyabiri na batatu (23) bishyize hamwe bandikira Perezida w'Umutwe wa Sena na Perezida w'Umutwe w'Abadepite, basaba ko ingingo ya 10 y'Itegeko Ngenga n°.04/2012/OL ryo ku wa 15/06/2012 rikuraho inkiko Gacaca rikanagena uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo byari mu bubasha bwazo ihindurwa kuko basanga inyuranyije n'Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y'u Rwanda ryo ku wa 04/06/2003 rivuga uburinganire bw'abanyarwanda imbere y'amategeko. Iyo ngingo yerekeye Isubirishamo ingingo nshya ry'urubanza rwaciwe n'Urukiko Gacaca.

 

Iyo baruwa yagegejwe ku buyobozi bwa gereza ku itariki ya 03/10/2012, ariko kugeza ubu, ubwo buyobozi bwimanye uburenganzira (sous couvert) bwo kuyishyikiriza abo yandikiwe.

Ku itariki ya 31/10/2012, na none abagororwa makumyabiri na batandatu (26) barisuganyije bandikira Perezida wa Sena na Perezida w'umutwe w'abadepite, noneho basaba ihindurwa ry'Itegeko Ngenga N° 03/2012/OL ryo kuwa 13/06/2012 rigena imiterere, imikorere n'ububasha by'Urukiko rw'Ikirenga mu ngingo ya 59 n'igika cya 2 cy'ingingo ya 86 kuko basanga izo ngingo zinyuranye n'Itegeko Nshinga. Ingingo ya 59 yerekeye ku kudasubirishamo ingingo nshya urubanza rwaciwe burundu hashingiwe ku masezerano mpuzamahanga anyuranyije n'Itegeko Nshinga cyangwa ku itegeko ryavanyweho naho ingingo ya 86 yerekeye isubirwamo ry'imanza ku mpamvu z'akarengane zaciwe ku rwego rwa nyuma mbere y'uko iri tegeko ngenga ritangazwa.

 

Iyo baruwa nayo yaranyonzwe kugeza uyu munsi. Ubuyobozi bwa gereza bwimanye uburenganzira (sous couvert) bwo kuyishyikiriza abo yandikiwe. Nyamara hagati aho, umushinga w'itegeko ugamije kuvugurura itegeko ngenga n° 03/2012/OL ryo ku wa 13/06/2012 rigena imiterere, imikorere n'ububasha by'urukiko rw'ikirenga wagejejwe mu Nteko Nshingamategeko. Kuki ibitekerezo by'abagororwa byahabwa akato mu mpaka zigibwa kuri ryo tegeko?

Mbere yayo mabaruwa yombi Bwana MUBERUKA Pascal, Umunyamategeko kandi akaba n'umwe mu bagororwa banditse aya mabaruwa, yari yagerageje kurega Leta y'u Rwanda, asaba urukiko rw'ikirenga gukura mu itegeko ngenga n°04/2012/OL ryavuzwe haruguru ingingo ya 10, igika cya 1, icya 2 n'icya 3. Umwanzuro w'ayo mabaruwa ugaragaza neza ukuntu iri tegeko ngenga rinyuranyije n'Itegeko Nshinga. Ubuyobozi bwa gereza, bwimanye uburenganzira bwo kuwushyikiriza urukiko rw'ikirenga wari ugenewe. Icyo kirego kiri mu buyobozi bw'iyo gereza kuva tariki ya 01/08/2012 kugeza ubu.

Nyamara ku itariki ya 17/09/2012 ubwo intumwa y'urukiko rw'ikirenga yari yasuye gereza ya Mpanga igahura n'abagororwa bayigejejeho ibibazo binyuranye, ahanini bijyanye n'icyifuzo cyo gusubirishamo imanza zabo, iyo ntumwa yari yabagiriye inama yo kwandikira Inteko Nshingamategeko bakayisaba guhindura iryo tegeko.

Ku itariki ya 08/11/2012, Komisiyo iyobowe na Bwana BARINDA Anastase, intumwa ya Minisitiri w'ubutabera, yasuye gereza ya Mpanga. Iyo Komisiyo yahuye n'imbaga y'abagororwa bari bishimiye kuyigezaho ibibazo bafite mu rwego rw'ubucamanza, cyane cyane birebana n'inkiko Gacaca. Abagororwa bababajwe cyane n'imyitwarire ya komisiyo, cyane cyane amagambo batangarijwe na Bwana BARINDA Anastase agira ati: "Murarushywa n'ubusa, nimwemere mwakire ibihano mwakatiwe, kwishyira hamwe kwanyu mwandika amabaruwa sibyo bizabakemurira ibibazo, njye sinazanywe aha no kubaha ubutumwa ngo munkomere amashyi".

 

Ishyaka PDP-IMANZI rirasaba ubuyobozi bwa gereza ya Mpanga kwisubiraho bukubahiriza uburenganzira bw'abagorogwa. Rirasaba guverinoma y'u Rwanda n'umuryango mpuzamahanga guhagurukira icyo kibazo bidatinze kandi n'imiryango inyuranye yita ku burenganzira bw'ikiremwa muntu igahagurikira kurengera abagorogwa bafungiwe muri gereza ya Mpanga kuko nabo ari Abanyarwanda bityo nabo bakemererwa guharanira uburenganzira bwabo.

 

 

Bikorewe Nederweert mu Buholande, tariki 20 /11/2012.

 

Mu izina rya PDP-IMANZI

 

Gérard Karangwa Semushi ( Sé )

 

Visi-Perezida.

 

 

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UN Security Council sanctions M23 Congo rebel leaders after they overrun besieged city of Goma

Published Tuesday, November 20, 2012

UN Security Council sanctions M23 Congo rebel leaders after they overrun besieged city of Goma
UN Security Council puts sanctions on Congo rebels
By PETER JAMES SPIELMANN | ASSOCIATED PRESS | 28 minutes ago in
             
The U.N. Security Council voted unanimously Tuesday to sanction the leaders of Congo's M23 rebel force, which hours earlier occupied the eastern Congolese city of Goma as U.N. peacekeepers stood by without resisting.
But it did not name two countries accused of supporting the Congo rebels: Rwanda and Uganda.
The council demanded that the M23 rebels withdraw from Goma, disarm and disband, and insisted on the restoration of the crumbing Congolese government authority in the country's turbulent East.
The resolution adopted imposes targeted sanctions, including a travel ban and assets freeze, on the M23 rebel group leadership. Individual nations are supposed to enforce the sanctions and report to the council.
The resolution also calls for an immediate end to external support to the rebels and asks the U.N. secretary-general to report on the allegations of foreign support while expressing its readiness to take appropriate measures.
It took the rare step in a resolution of singling out two M23 commanders by name: Innocent Kaina and Baudouin Ngaryu, and called for the council's sanctions committee to review their activity and unnamed other individuals.
Unnamed in the resolution were Rwanda and Uganda, which have been identified as supporters of the M23 rebellion by a U.N. panel of experts' report due out Friday and leaked to the AP.
Human Rights Watch said Tuesday that an advance copy of the report that it has reviewed names Rwanda and Uganda as supporting M23.
"Sadly, this resolution fails to name Rwandan officials known by the U.N. to have supported M23's atrocities from day one," said the U.N. director for Human Rights Watch, Philippe Bolopion. "Despite its influence on Rwanda, in public the U.S. government has been inexplicably silent," he added.
Rwanda's representative spoke to the council after the vote to deny that his country is involved in the Congolese rebellion. Uganda has previously denied involvement.

http://www.duluthnewstribune.com/event/apArticle/id/DA2M3BPG3/